Which of the following are components of artificial speech?

• A. Speech Recognition; Speech Synthesis; Natural Language Processing
• B. Speech Recognition and Speech Synthesis only
• C. Natural Language Processing and Speech Recognition only
• D. Speech Synthesis and Natural Language Processing only

Answer: (A)

Artificial speech relies on three essential parts: speech recognition, which converts spoken language into text; natural language processing, which interprets that text to understand meaning and determine an appropriate response; and speech synthesis, which turns the response back into audible speech. When you interact with a voice assistant, your words are first captured and turned into text, the system analyzes that text to grasp what you want, and then it speaks back using synthesized voice. This combination—recognition, processing, and synthesis— covers input, understanding, and output, so it’s the complete set needed for true artificial speech. The other options miss one of these pieces: without natural language processing, there’s no understanding of intent; without synthesis there’s no audible response; without recognition there’s nothing to convert from your spoken input.